AI Agents Explained: Defining Autonomy and Intelligence in Modern Systems

An AI agent is an autonomous software system that can perceive its environment, process information, make decisions, and take actions to achieve specific goals without continuous human input. The agent begins by collecting data from its surroundings, which may include digital interfaces, sensors, user interactions, or system logs.

After gathering this information, the agent processes it by using rule-based logic, planning algorithms, and advanced machine learning techniques—including deep learning and generative AI models —to understand the situation, generate potential solutions, and determine the best course of action. The agent then acts by executing tasks, which might involve generating content, updating databases and line-of-business applications, controlling physical systems, or communicating with users or other systems.